True-Breeding : organism with traits with all the generatins of its family
Trait : a distinguishing characteristic or quality
Hybrid : the offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species, or genera, esp. as produced through human manipulation for specific genetic characteristics.
Gene : the basic physical unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA
Allele : any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation
Segregation : the separation of allelic genes into different gametes during meiosis.
Gamete : a mature sexual reproductive cell, as a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism.
Probability : the relative frequency with which an event occurs or is likely to occur.
Punnett Square : in genetics, a type of grid used to show the gametes of each parent and their possible offspring
Homozygous : having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics.
Heterozygous : having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic.
Phenotype : the observable constitution of an organism.
Genotype : the sum total of genes transmitted from parent to offspring.
Homologous : having the same or a similar relation; corresponding, as in relative position or structure.
Diploid : having two similar complements of chromosomes.
Haploid : having the same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic cell.
Meiosis : part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions
Tetrad : a group of four.
Crossing-Over : the exchange of genetic material between homologous
chromosomes that occurs during meiosis and contributes to genetic variability.
Gene Map : A graphic representation of the arrangement of genes or DNA sequences on a chromosome.
